PhotoCure was founded in 1993 by the Norwegian Radium Hospital Research Foundation (RF) to commercialise and develop technologies originally developed by the NRH. In May 2000, shares in PhotoCure were listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange following the company's IPO. In September 2001 PhotoCure filed an NDA with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the US for Metvix PDT for treatment of pre-malignant skin changes or Actinic Keratosis. In September 2002, PhotoCure received an approvable letter from the FDA. Metvix gained marketing approval in Europe in November 2001, and in New Zealand in February 2002. In February 2003, PhotoCure announced the launch in Germany of Metvix PDT by Galderma, PhotoCure's marketing partner. PhotoCure submitted a marketing authorisation application (MAA) for Hexvix fluorescence cystoscopy in December 2002. PCI Biotech is a subsidiary of PhotoCure, established in 2000 to commercialise its proprietary photochemical internalisation technology (PCI). The PCI technology was developed to introduce therapeutic molecules in a biologically active form specifically into the diseased cells.